2016.04.24-05.01 為什麼我相信(5) 感染力最強的運動

The Most Viral Movement

Why I Believe - PART 5

April 23-24, April 30-May 1, 2016 • John Dickerson

感染力最強的運動

為什麼我相信 --第五部分

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What if someone we’ve been told is a villain

turns out to actually be a hero?

萬一有一個我們一直被告知是壞人的人，

結果卻發現他其實是一位英雄？

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Investigative Reporting 101: When experts disagree, study

the Primary Sources for yourself.

調查報告101: 當專家彼此不同意時，自己研究

原始的資訊

Unbelievable Claim:

Jesus predicted that his movement would continue growing

despite attempts to stop it.

“…I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not

overcome it.”

Matthew 16:18¹

難以相信的宣告:

耶穌預言他的運動將會不斷成長

儘管有許多人嘗試去阻擋。

“…我要把我的教會建造在這磐石上；陰間的權柄不能勝過他。”

馬太福音 16:18

Outcomes of the Claim:

The church has become, mathematically, the Most

Viral movement in world history.²

宣示的結果:

教會變成，以數學而言，在世界歷史上最
具感染力的運動。

Why have so many billions joined

this viral movement?

為什麼數十億的人加入

這個具有感染力的運動？

After a careful examination of primary evidence, I became

convinced that the Christian movement—while far from

spotless—is in fact the greatest perpetual force for

Human  Good , to date.

在仔細查驗主要證據之後，我轉而

相信這個基督徒運動---雖然絕對不是

毫無瑕疵---事實上是對於人類的善行 
最偉大持久的動力，直到今日。

1. Devout Christians, motivated by sincere Christ

belief, played an irrefutable and inextricable role in

 Establishing   Universities  and literacy

as we know them.³

1.虔誠的基督徒，在真誠的基督信仰驅動之下，
如我們所知在 創建大學 和推廣識字能力

扮演無法反駁和無法切割的角色。

Key figures to study for yourself: medieval cathedral schools

and “universita”s, Oxford motto, Rev. John Harvard, the

founders of Yale and the first 9 colleges in the U.S

自我學習重點：中世紀天主教學校

和”高校”，牛津大學的格言，神父約翰.哈佛，

耶魯大學以及美國最早成立的九所學院的創辦人。

2. Devout Christians, motivated by sincere Christ

belief, played an irrefutable and inextricable role

in  Launching  the  Scientific  Revolution. ⁴

2.虔誠的基督徒，在真誠的基督信仰驅動之下，

在 驅動    科學  革命上扮演無法駁倒和無法切割的角色

Key figures to study for yourself: Isaac Newton, Blaise Pascal,

Robert Boyle, Johannes Kepler

自我學習重點: 以撒‧·牛頓，布莱兹‧帕斯卡，

罗伯特‧波义耳，约翰内斯‧开普勒

3. Devout Christians, motivated by sincere Christ

belief, played an irrefutable and inextricable role

in  Abolishing   Slavery . ^5,6

3.虔誠的基督徒，在真誠的基督信仰驅動之下，

在 廢除奴隸制度上

扮演無法駁倒和無法切割的角色

The horror of slavery long pre-dates Christianity as a global

norm:

“In the ancient Near East, as in Asia, Europe, Africa, and

the preconquest Americas, various forms of slavery and

servitude almost certainly emerged long before they were

systematized by laws or legal codes.”

– A Historical Guide to World Slavery, Oxford University Press

可怕的奴隸制度遠在基督來臨之前被全世界視為常態:

“在古代的近東地區，亞洲、歐洲、非洲和

尚未被征服的美洲，各種形式的奴隸制度和

奴僕制度遠在他們被法律或規章系統化之前幾乎都已經出現了。”

--世界奴隸制度的歷史導覽，牛津大學出版

Key figures to study for yourself: William Wilberforce, Harriet

Tubman, Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe,

Samuel Sewall, John Woolman, Benjamin Rush, Lyman

Beecher and American Anti-Slavery Society, Charles

Grandison Finney, Thomas Clarkson, John Rankin

自我學習重點: 威廉·威伯福斯，哈莉特·塔布曼，

弗雷德里克·道格拉斯，哈莉特 ·比彻·斯托，

撒母·耳西沃，約翰·伍爾曼，班哲明·若許，

里曼·比彻 和 美國反對奴隸社團，

查爾斯·芬尼，湯瑪斯·克拉克森，約翰·藍金

4. Devout Christians, motivated by sincere Christ

belief, played an irrefutable and inextricable role

in Establishing  Hospitals  and Institutional

 ^{Philanthropy 7}

4.虔誠的基督徒，在真誠的基督信仰驅動之下，

在建立  醫院  和大型 慈善組織

扮演無法駁倒和無法切割的角色

Key figures to study for yourself: medieval cathedral hospitals,

Florence Nightingale, Benjamin Rush, The YMCA, The

Salvation Army, The Goodwill

自我學習重點:中世紀天主教醫院，

佛羅倫斯·奈丁格，班哲明·若許，基督教青年協會，

救世軍，好意慈善事業

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For further reading on Christian influence in history:

更多關於基督徒在歷史上的影響力:

• How the West Won by Rodney Stark, PhD

• Reasonable Faith by William Lane Craig, PhD

• Why You Think The Way You Do by Glenn S. Sunshine, PhD

• Turning Points by Mark A Noll, PhD

• The Triumph of Christianity by Rodney Stark, PhD

• Jesus the God-Man by Darrell Bock, PhD

• A Reasonable Response by William Lane Craig, PhD

¹For further study on dating the Gospel of Matthew in particular:

進一步研究關於馬太福音的書寫年代:

• One credentialed textual scholar dates an extant (in hand today) papyrus

fragment of Matthew’s Gospel to “the second half of the first century,” that

is, within decades of the original manuscript. The Jesus Papyrus, Tyndale

Bulletin 46.1 (1995) 29-42. by Carsten Peter Thiede & Matthew D’Ancona.

• Scholars Harris (1985) and Erhman (2004) date the writing of the Gospel of

Matthew between 80 and 85. Scholars Gundry (1982), Blomberg (1992) and

Hagner (1993) date the Gospel’s writing before 70, that is, within 40 years of

Jesus crucifixion in Jerusalem.

For further study on the Christian Scriptures, their origin and historicity, see:

進一步研究基督教經句，出處與歷史，請參見:

• Can I Trust the Bible? by Darrell L. Bock, PhD

• Can We Still Believe the Bible? by Craig L. Blomberg, PhD

² Pew Research Center. “Global Christianity – A Report on the Size and

Distribution of the World’s Christian Population.” December 19, 2011.

³ Christians and the Founding of the University:

基督教和大學的創立:

• Daily Life in the World of Charlemagne by Pierre Riché. p. 126, 191-2, 282-90.

• De Litteris Colendis by Charlemagne (primary source)

• The Founding of Harvard College by Samuel Eliot Morison. p 251. (primary

sources within)

• Yale’s charter statement: www.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/UniversityCharter.pdf

(primary source)

• The Soul of the American University by George M. Marsden, PhD

• Piety and Intellect: The Aims and Purposes of ante-Bellum Theological Education

by Glenn T. Miller

• John Harvard and His Times by Henry Charles Shelley

• Life of Henry Dunster: first president of Harvard College by Chaplin, Jeremiah

⁴ Christians and the Scientific Revolution:

基督徒與科學革命:

• For the Glory of God by Rodney Stark. p 121-201

• Isaac Newton’s theological writings at: www.newtonproject.sussex.ac.uk/

prism.php?id=44 (primary source)

• The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China and the West by Toby E. Huff

• Pensees by Blaise Pascal (primary source)

• Lettres Provinciales by Blaise Pascale (primary source)

• Mysterium Cosmographicum by Johannes Kepler (primary source)

• Robert Boyle, see “The Boyle Lectures” and any decent biography

⁵ Devout Christian Activists and the Abolition of Slavery:

虔誠基督教活躍人士和奴隸制度的廢除:

On the horror of slavery as a nearly universal global norm in pre-Christian

civilizations:

• Cannibals and Kings by Marvin Harris [1977] 1991, pages 234-235

• The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt by Toby Wilkinson. 2010.

• How the West Won by Rodney Stark. pages 1-32

• Atlas of Slavery by James Walvin

• Man, Nature, and History by W.M.S. Russell. 1967. page 99

• Imperial China by Raymond Dawson. 1972. page 62

• A Historical Guide to World Slavery by Drescher, Seymour and

Stanley L. Engerman, Eds.

• Slavery: A World History by Milton Meltzer

• Slavery: Antiquity & Its Legacy by Page duBois

⁶ • Real Christianity by William Wilberforce the abolitionist. 1797 (primary

source)

• Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (primary source)

• The Selling of Joseph by Samuel Sewall (primary source)

• Letters on Slavery by Rev. John Rankin (primary source)

• Religion and Social Justice: The Case of Christianity and the Abolition of Slavery

in America by John A. Auping

⁷ The Christian Role in Establishing Hospitals and Institutional Philanthropy:

基督教在建立醫院與慈善組織的角色:

• Suggestions for Thought by Florence Nightingale (primary source)

• Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals by Guenter B. Risse, M.D.,

PhD. p 73.

• Bodies and Souls: Politics and the Professionalization of Nursing in France,

1880-1922. by Katrin Schultheiss. p 4.

• The Origin, Plan, and Operations of the Charing Cross Hospital, London by

Benjamin Golding, M.D. p 26. (primary source)

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